Serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 as a biomarker for early detection of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes

Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major causes ESKD, and its complications are characterized by proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration, renal fibrosis resulting in deterioration functions, so early detection essential to slow down prevent progression disease. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) expressed proximal tubule cells released response hypoxia caused peritubular capillary blood flow, serum FABP promising biomarkers for prediction diabetic patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This was a case–control study that included 120 type-2 diabetes mellitus selected from Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo University who were divided into groups: first group comprised 60 3 sub-groups according their urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (normo-, micro-, macroalbuminuria). The second apparently healthy individuals. All subjected history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, FABP4 ELISA. Results There significant increase macroalbuminuria group, followed microalbuminuria then normoalbuminuria comparison normal control group. positive correlation between level duration HBA1c. significantly negative albumin Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis found discriminate micro- macroalbuminuric controls 96.6% 98.3% diagnostic specificity 100% sensitivity respectively. Conclusion Serum can be used as biomarker nephropathy.